Perilaku Seksual sebagai Faktor Risiko Infeksi Human Immunodefiency Virus, Hepatitis B Virus dan Treponema pallidum pada Mahasiswa

Abstract

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) that often occur in Indonesian society are Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)/AIDS, Hepatitis B, Treponema pallidum (silifis) and others. College students are susceptible to STIs due to risky behavior, but information on prevalence and analysis of factors related to STIs is still limited. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to analyze factors related to HIV, Hepatitis B, and T. pallidum infections that occur in college students in Cimahi City. The study sample was 70 students selected using the quota technique. Anti-HIV, HBsAg, and anti-Treponema pallidum examinations were carried out using the immunochromatography method; while STI-related factors were measured by filling out a questionnaire and then conducting a Chi-square test. The results of the examination showed that one student was positive for anti-HIV, three students were positive for HBsAg, and two students were positive for anti-Treponema pallidum. The lifestyle of students had a significant effect on the prevalence of HIV, Hepatitis B, and T. pallidum infections such as premarital sex, changing sexual partners, and oral and anal sex with a p value <0.05. The prevalence of HIV, Hepatitis B, and T. pallidum infections in students in Cimahi City is 1.4% infected with HIV, 4.3% infected with Hepatitis B, and 2.8% infected with T. pallidum. The cases of the three sexual infections were influenced by several factors including lifestyle such as having oral and anal sex, changing sexual partners, and wearing piercings.

Keywords: sexually transmitted infections; HIV; hepatitis B; syphilis; students

ABSTRAK

Kasus infeksi menular seksual (IMS) yang sering terjadi di lingkungan masyarakat Indonesia yaitu Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)/AIDS, Hepatitis B, Treponema pallidum (silifis) dan lain-lain. Mahasiswa rentan terhadap IMS akibat perilaku berisiko, namun informasi prevalensi dan analisis faktor yang berhubungan dengan IMS masih terbatas. Oleh karena itu, tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis faktor yang berhubungan dengan infeksi HIV, Hepatitis B, dan T. pallidum yang terjadi pada mahasiswa di Kota Cimahi. Sampel penelitian adalah 70 mahasiswa yang dipilih dengan teknik kuota. Pemeriksaan anti-HIV, HBsAg, dan anti-Treponema pallidum dilakukan menggunakan metode immunocromatography; sedangkan faktor terkait IMS diukur melalui pengisian kuesioner dan selanjutnya dilakukan uji Chi-square. Hasil pemeriksaan menunjukkan bahwa satu mahasiswa positif anti-HIV, tiga mahasiswa positif HBsAg, dan dua mahasiswa positif anti-Treponema pallidum. Gaya hidup mahasiswa berpengaruh signifikan terhadap prevalensi infeksi HIV, Hepatitis B, dan T. pallidum seperti hubungan seksual pra-nikah, berganti-ganti pasangan seksual, dan seksual secara oral dan anal dengan nilai p <0,05. Prevalensi kasus infeksi HIV, Hepatitis B, dan T. pallidum pada mahasiswa di Kota Cimahi adalah 1,4% terinfeksi HIV, 4,3% terinfeksi Hepatitis B, dan 2,8% terinfeksi T. pallidum. Kasus ketiga infeksi seksual tersebut dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor antara lain gaya hidup seperti melakukan hubungan seksual secara oral dan anal, berganti-ganti pasangan seksual, juga memakai tindik.

Kata kunci: infeksi menular seksual; HIV; hepatitis B; sifilis; mahasiswa