Wiliam Flexion Exercise dan Infrared untuk Meningkatkan Fleksibilitas Trunk dan Menurunkan Low Back Pain pada Lansia

Abstract

Elderly people are susceptible to low back pain due to physical decline triggered by changes in connective tissue structure. Decreased trunk flexibility in the elderly can cause pain. Non-pharmacological therapies such as physiotherapy are used to treat low back pain, especially through the William flexion exercise and infrared methods. This study aimed to analyze the differences in trunk flexibility by providing a combination of William flexion exercise and infrared with William flexion exercise in elderly low back pain sufferers. This study applied a pretest-posttest with control group design. The treatment group was given a combination of William flexion exercise and infrared, while the control group was only given William flexion exercise. The impacts measured were trunk flexibility measured using the Chair Sit and Reach Test and pain levels measured using the Numeric Rating Scale. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test and the Mann-Whitney U test. The results showed that there was an increase in trunk flexibility with an average of 8.00 and a decrease in pain of 8.00 in the control group, and there was an increase in trunk flexibility with an average of 8.00 and a decrease in pain of 14 in the treatment group. Both experienced significant improvements. The results of the Mann-Whitney U test showed that there was no significant difference between the two groups. Furthermore, it was concluded that the combination of William flexion exercise and infrared or single administration of William flexion exercise was able to increase trunk flexibility and reduce pain in the elderly with low back pain.

Keywords: low back pain; elderly; William flexion; infrared

ABSTRAK

Lansia rentan mengalami low back pain akibat kemunduran fisik yang dipicu oleh perubahan struktur jaringan penghubung. Penurunan fleksibilitas trunk pada lansia dapat menyebabkan nyeri. Terapi non-farmakologis seperti fisioterapi digunakan untuk penanganan low back pain, terutama melalui metode William flexion exercise dan infrared. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perbedaan fleksibilitas trunk dengan pemberian kombinasi William flexion exercise dan infrared dengan William flexion exercise pada penderita low back pain pada lansia. Penelitian ini menerapkan rancangan pretest-posttest with control group. Kelompok perlakuan diberikan kombinasi William flexion exercise dan infrared, sedangkan kelompok kontrol hanya diberikan William flexion exercise. Dampak yang diukur adalah fleksibilitas trunk yang diukur menggunakan Chair Sit and Reach Test dan tingkat nyeri yang diukur menggunakan skala Numeric Rating Scale. Data dianalisis menggunakan Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test dan Mann-Whitney U test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat peningkatan fleksibilitas trunk dengan rata-rata 8,00 dan penurunan rasa nyeri sebesar 8,00 pada penderita kelompok kontrol, dan terdapat peningkatan fleksibilitas trunk dengan rata-rata 8,00 dan penurunan rasa nyeri sebesar 14 pada kelompok perlakuan. Keduanya mengalami peningkatan secara signifikan. Hasil Mann-Whitney U test menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan yang bermakna di antara kedua kelompok. Selanjutnya disimpulkan bahwa kombinasi William flexion exercise dan infrared maupun pemberian tunggal William flexion exercise mampu meningkatkan fleksibilitas trunk dan menurunkan rasa nyeri pada lansia dengan low back pain.

Kata kunci: low back pain; lansia; William flexion; infrared